Spondylitis refers to a group of inflammatory conditions affecting the spine and, in some cases, other joints. The most common form, ankylosing spondylitis (AS), is a type of arthritis that primarily impacts the vertebrae, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced flexibility. Over time, the inflammation can lead to the fusion of spinal bones, resulting in a loss of mobility and a hunched posture in severe cases. Spondylitis may also affect areas such as the hips, shoulders, and even the eyes, with symptoms like redness or pain indicating an associated condition called uveitis. While the exact cause is unknown, genetic factors, particularly the HLA-B27 gene, play a significant role. Treatment often involves physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and biologics to manage symptoms and prevent progression. Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for preserving mobility and improving quality of life.